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Land of High Passes
Leh, Ladakh, India
Leh, the capital of
Ladakh is situated at a height of 3505 meters and is towards the eastern parts
of Jammu and Kashmir. The region is watered by the Zanskar River, which flows
into the Indus River just below. Spilling out of a side valley that tapers
north towards eroded snow-capped peaks, the Ladakhi capital sprawls from the
foot of a ruined Tibetan style palace - a maze of mud-brick and concrete
flanked on one side by cream-coloured desert, and on the other by a swathe of
lush irrigated farmland. As one approaches Leh for the first time, via the
sloping seep of dust and pebbles that divide if from the floor of the Indus
Valley, one will have little difficulty imagining how the old trans -Himalayan
traders must have felt as they plodded in on the caravan routes from Yarkhand
and Tibet: a mixture of relief at having crossed the mountains in one piece,
and anticipation of a relaxing spell in one of central Asia's most scenic and
atmospheric towns. Leh is a beautiful destination with so many attractions and
is the center of Tibeto-Buddhist Culture for ages. Its colorful gompas have
attracted the devout Buddhists from all over the globe. Besides, it is also a
favorite hiking locale and is known for some of the best hikes in the country.
Around the Town
Leh
has nonetheless retained a more tranquil side, and is a pleasant place to
unwind after a long bus journey. Attractions in and around the town itself
include the former Palace and Namgyal Tsemo Gompa, perched amid strings of
prayer flags above the narrow dusty streets of the Old Quarter.
A short walk north across the fields, the small monastery of Sankar harbours
accomplished modern Tantric murals and a thousand beaded Avalokitesvara (also
spelt as Avalokiteshvara) deity.
Leh is also a good base for longer day trips out into the Indus Valley. Among
the string of picturesque villages and Gompas within reach by bus are Shey,
site of a derelict 17th century palace, and the Spectacular Tikse Gompa. Until
one has adjusted to the altitude, however, the Only sightseeing one will
probably feel up to will be from a guesthouse roof terrace or garden, from
where the snowy summits of the majestic Stok-Kangri massif (6,120m), magnified
in the crystal clear Ladakhi sunshine, look close enough to touch.
Ladakh ("land of high
passes") is a region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir between the
Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Great Himalayas to the
south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent.[4] It is one of
the most sparsely populated regions in the area. Historically, the region
included the Baltistan (Baltiyul) valleys, the Indus Valley,
the remote Zangskar, Lahaul and Spiti to the south, Ngari including the Rudok
region and Guge in the east, Aksai Chin in the east, and Nubra valleys to the
north over Khardung La in the Ladakh mountain range. Contemporary Ladakh
borders Tibet to the east,
the Lahaul and Spiti to the south, the Vale of Kashmir, Jammu
and Baltiyul regions to the west, and the trans–Kunlun territory
of East Turkistan in Central Asia on
the other side of the Kunlun range across the Karakoram Pass
in the far north. Running southwest to northeast, the Altyn Tagh converges with
the Kunlun range in Kashmir which runs southeast to northwest forming a
"V" shape which converges at Pulu. The geographical divide between
Ladakh in the highlands of Kashmir and the Tibetan Plateau commences in the
vicinity of Pulu and continues southwards along the intricate maze of ridges
situated east of Rudok, wherein are situated Aling Kangri and Mavang Kangri and
culminates in the vicinity of Mayum La.
Ladakh is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and
culture. It is sometimes called "Little Tibet" as it has been
strongly influenced by Tibetan culture. In the past Ladakh gained importance
from its strategic location at the crossroads of important trade routes, but
since the Chinese authorities closed the borders with Tibet and Central Asia
in the 1960s, international trade has dwindled except for tourism. Since 1974
the Indian Government has successfully encouraged tourism in Ladakh.
The largest town in Ladakh is Leh. A majority of Ladakhis
are Tibetan Buddhists and the rest are mostly Shia Muslims. Some Ladakhi
activists have in recent times called for Ladakh to be constituted as a union
territory because of its religious and cultural differences with predominantly
Muslim Kashmir.
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